{"id":8564,"date":"2015-09-10T17:04:01","date_gmt":"2015-09-10T14:04:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/?p=8564"},"modified":"2015-09-11T12:31:51","modified_gmt":"2015-09-11T09:31:51","slug":"to-2o-simposio-ton-epta-sofon-stin-ellada","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/2015\/09\/10\/to-2o-simposio-ton-epta-sofon-stin-ellada\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a4\u03bf 2\u03bf \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u00ab\u0395\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03a3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd\u00bb \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/unnamed-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8571\" src=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/unnamed-2.jpg\" alt=\"unnamed-2\" width=\"982\" height=\"517\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/unnamed-2.jpg 982w, https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/unnamed-2-300x158.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 982px) 100vw, 982px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd; \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03bb\u03b8\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5; \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5; \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <strong>2\u03bf \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 7 \u03a3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1,<\/strong> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03a3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u0395\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1. \u0398\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <strong>2 &#8211; 4 \u039f\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2015<\/strong> \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03b9\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u039a\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 <strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1. (\u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 2 \u039f\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf \u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 3 \u039f\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1).\u00a0<span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u0395\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u039d\u03cc\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u0384\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u0395\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u00ab\u03a3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03af\u00bb \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9:<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_8565\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Cronin1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8565\" class=\"wp-image-8565\" src=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Cronin1-1002x1024.jpg\" alt=\"James Cronin, \u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 Nobel \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 1980 - \u039f\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 &amp; \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\" width=\"300\" height=\"307\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Cronin1-1002x1024.jpg 1002w, https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Cronin1-293x300.jpg 293w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-8565\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Cronin, \u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 Nobel \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 1980 &#8211; \u039f\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 &amp; \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u039f <strong>James Watson Cronin<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2. \u0397 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03be\u03c9\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a0\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03bf \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf 1951 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf <em>Southern Methodist University<\/em> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 (PhD) \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf (\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae). \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd <strong>Val Fitch<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <em>Princeton University<\/em> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u039a-\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 CP \u03c4\u03bf 1964, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u039d\u03cc\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 1980.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf 1976 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf <em>Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award<\/em> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae. \u03a4\u03bf 1999, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf <em>National Medal of Science.<\/em> \u0391\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bf \u03ba. Cronin \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 <em>Pierre Auger<\/em>, \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 250 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 17 \u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 50 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03bf\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u0393\u03b7.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_8566\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Efstathiou_G.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8566\" class=\"wp-image-8566\" src=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Efstathiou_G-742x1024.jpg\" alt=\"George Efstathiou, \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b6. \u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0386\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\" width=\"300\" height=\"414\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Efstathiou_G-742x1024.jpg 742w, https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Efstathiou_G-217x300.jpg 217w, https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Efstathiou_G.jpg 759w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-8566\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">George Efstathiou, \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b6. \u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0386\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u039f \u03ba. <strong>George Petros Efstathiou FRS<\/strong>, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u0392\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc-\u039a\u03cd\u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2, \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (<em>Kavli Institute for Cosmolog<\/em>y) \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 <em>Cambridge<\/em>. \u03a0\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03bf \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf <em>Keble College<\/em> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039f\u03be\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 1976, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 (PhD) \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf <em>Durham University<\/em> \u03c4\u03bf 1979. \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <em>Cambridge<\/em> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 2008 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 2013.<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf <em>Maxwell Medal<\/em> <em>and Prize \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Institute of Physics<\/em> \u03c4\u03bf 1990, \u03c4\u03bf <em>Vainu Bappu Prize<\/em> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 1990, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf <em>Heineman Prize for Astronomy<\/em> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 2005.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u039f\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0394\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf Planck \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u039f\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03ac\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2009 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_8567\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/DGrosshd.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8567\" class=\"wp-image-8567\" src=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/DGrosshd.jpg\" alt=\"David Gross, \u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 Nobel 2004 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 -\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \" width=\"300\" height=\"371\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/DGrosshd.jpg 700w, https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/DGrosshd-242x300.jpg 242w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-8567\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Gross, \u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 Nobel 2004 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 -\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u039f \u03ba. <strong>David Gross<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 (Chancellor\u2019s Chair) \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2. \u0388\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf 1966 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u039c\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03cb \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 Thomas Jones \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <em>Princeton<\/em>. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5, \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba. <strong>Frank Wilczek<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u2014\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7-\u0391\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2\u2014 \u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba. Gross \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba. Wilczek \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2. \u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u038e\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 (Standard Model), \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u2013\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae, \u03bf \u03ba. Gross \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u039d\u03cc\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 2004, \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba. <strong>Politzer<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba. Wilczek. \u0388\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_8568\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/PARKER.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8568\" class=\"wp-image-8568\" src=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/PARKER-717x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Eugene Parker \u2013 \u039f\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Enrico Ferni \" width=\"300\" height=\"429\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/PARKER-717x1024.jpg 717w, https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/PARKER-210x300.jpg 210w, https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/PARKER.jpg 928w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-8568\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eugene Parker \u2013 \u039f\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Enrico Ferni<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u039f \u03ba. <strong>Eugene N. Parker<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 S. Chandrasekhar Distinguished Service Professor, \u039f\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf <em>Enrico Fermi.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0389\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf <em>\u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u039c\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03a0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03b1<\/em> \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03a7. \u0388\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_8569\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/SmootMexicali2015150.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8569\" class=\"wp-image-8569\" src=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/SmootMexicali2015150-840x1024.jpg\" alt=\"George Smoot, \u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 Nobel \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 2006 \u2013 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\" width=\"300\" height=\"366\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/SmootMexicali2015150-840x1024.jpg 840w, https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/SmootMexicali2015150-246x300.jpg 246w, https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/SmootMexicali2015150.jpg 1181w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-8569\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">George Smoot, \u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 Nobel \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 2006 \u2013 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03cb \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u039f \u03ba. <strong>George Fitzgerald Smoot III<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u039c\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03cb \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Senior Scientist \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <em>Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.<\/em> \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 2010, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf <em>Paris Diderot<\/em> \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u039d\u03cc\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 2006 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0395\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 (Cosmic Background Explorer) \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba. <strong>John C. Mather<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 NASA. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u201c\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u201d. \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 COBE (\u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u0395\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5) \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 NASA \u03c4\u03bf 1989.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u0388\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 (Big Bang). \u03a3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03bf \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 Smoot \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5. \u0397 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u0388\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_8570\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Starobinsky.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8570\" class=\"wp-image-8570\" src=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Starobinsky.jpg\" alt=\"Alexei Starobinsky, \u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 Kavli \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 2014. \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2. \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf Laundau \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03a1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0391\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd\" width=\"300\" height=\"435\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Starobinsky.jpg 280w, https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Starobinsky-207x300.jpg 207w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-8570\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alexei Starobinsky, \u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 Kavli \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 2014. \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2. \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf Laundau \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03a1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0391\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u039f \u03ba. <strong>Alexei Alexandrovich Starobinsky<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a1\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 Principal Research Scientist \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf <em>Landau<\/em> \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1970, \u03bf \u03ba. Starobinsky \u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03c0\u03b5\u03c2 (1973), \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 Hawking. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 1979 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf 1996, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf <em>A. A. Friedmann<\/em> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a4\u03bf 2009 \u03bf \u03ba Starobinsky \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03ba. <strong>Viatcheslav Mukhanov<\/strong> \u03ba\u03ad\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf <em>Tomalla<\/em>, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Starobinsky \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd. \u03a4\u03bf 2010 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf <em>Oskar Klein<\/em>, \u03c4\u03bf 2012 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf <em>Amaldi<\/em> \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba. Mukhanov, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf 2013 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf <em>Gruber<\/em> \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba. Mukhanov).<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf 2014, \u03bf \u03ba. Starobinsky, \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba. <strong>Alan Guth<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf <em>Massachusetts Institute of Technology<\/em> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba. <strong>Andrei Linde<\/strong> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf <em>Stanford University<\/em>, \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf <em>Kavli<\/em> \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u039d\u03bf\u03c1\u03b2\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0391\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u201c\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u201d.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_8572\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/GVeneziano150.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8572\" class=\"wp-image-8572\" src=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/GVeneziano150-692x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Gabriele Veneziano \u2013\u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2. \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2, \u0388\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd \u03a3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u0392\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, College de France\" width=\"300\" height=\"444\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/GVeneziano150-692x1024.jpg 692w, https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/GVeneziano150-203x300.jpg 203w, https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/GVeneziano150.jpg 980w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-8572\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gabriele Veneziano \u2013\u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2. \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2, \u0388\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd \u03a3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u0392\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, College de France<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u039f \u03ba. <strong>Gabriele Veneziano<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2, \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd. \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03b3\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf CERN, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 2004, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd \u03a3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u0392\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <em>College de France<\/em> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9. \u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a6\u03bb\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03bf \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2. \u0388\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 (PhD) \u03c4\u03bf 1967 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <em>Weizmann Institute of Science<\/em> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Rehovot \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03c3\u03c1\u03b1\u03ae\u03bb \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/unnamed1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8573\" src=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/unnamed1.jpg\" alt=\"unnamed\" width=\"982\" height=\"517\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/unnamed1.jpg 982w, https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/unnamed1-300x158.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 982px) 100vw, 982px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u0391\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 2\u03bf \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 7 \u03a3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039f\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba. <strong>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03b6\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong>, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf \u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 7 \u03a3\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 .<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03ba. \u039a\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03b6\u03ae\u03c2, \u0391\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2, \u039f\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<em> Johns Hopkins<\/em>, \u0397\u03a0\u0391, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 7 \u00a0\u03a3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5:\u00a0\u00ab\u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 7 \u00a0\u03a3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0395\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03a3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f <strong>\u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>, \u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03b4\u03c1\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u0395\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5: \u00ab\u0397 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 13,8 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae, \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039f\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <em>1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 7 \u03a3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd<\/em>, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u0394\u03c1. <strong>\u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u039b\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2,<\/strong> \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5: \u00ab\u03a4\u03bf \u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b2\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 7 \u00a0\u03a3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03af\u03b3\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd 7 \u03a3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af, \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (webcasting), \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 :\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/------------------.pdf\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd; \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03bb\u03b8\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5; \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5; \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[61,28,67,66],"tags":[73,178,541],"class_list":["post-8564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-61","category-eidiseis","category-67","category-66","tag-73","tag-178","tag-541"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8564","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8564"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8564\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8564"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8564"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8564"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}