{"id":13785,"date":"2021-07-08T12:22:56","date_gmt":"2021-07-08T09:22:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/?p=13785"},"modified":"2021-07-08T21:50:10","modified_gmt":"2021-07-08T18:50:10","slug":"euler-o-daskalos-olon-mas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/2021\/07\/08\/euler-o-daskalos-olon-mas\/","title":{"rendered":"Euler: \u03bf \u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf<\/em><\/strong> \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7. \u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n

\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 (\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1), \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n

\u03a4\u03bf \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf \u00abEuler: \u039f \u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2\u00bb<\/strong> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03ae \u0395\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf William Dunham<\/strong>, \u039f\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf Muhlenberg. \u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0393\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03b3\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7 \u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf<\/strong>. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 2008 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03bf Beckenbach \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0388\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n

\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Dunham \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b6\u03c9\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Leonhard Euler<\/strong> (1707-1783), \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03b1: \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b3\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03ac\u03bb\u03b3\u03b5\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u00ab\u0391\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u00bb \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Euler, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 Opera Omnia<\/em>, \u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\n

\u039f Euler \u03ad\u03b6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03cc\u03b3\u03b4\u03bf\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03ba\u03af\u03c4\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bf Dunham \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c9\u03c2 \u00ab\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b8\u03cd\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0395\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2, \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03b2\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u039f Euler \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u0395\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u0393\u03b9\u03cc\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u039c\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9<\/strong> (1667-1748), \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 20 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03bf.<\/p>\n

\u039f \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf Euler. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Euler \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf \u0393\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 de Condorcet<\/strong> \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u00ab\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u0390\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Euler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7. \u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":13787,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":301,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[110,296,255,73,178,182],"class_list":["post-13785","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eidiseis","tag-m","tag-296","tag-255","tag-73","tag-178","tag-182"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13785","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13785"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13785\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13787"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13785"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13785"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thalesandfriends.org\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13785"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}